Navigating as a GI locum: My path and guide to this alternative practice model

My successful career in academic gastroenterology makes me a natural proponent of the academic model of practice. However, in my current role as a locum tenens, I have witnessed the versatility that locum assignments offer gastroenterologists, particularly when flexibility in their professional lives is paramount.

The locum tenens industry is a growing feature of the healthcare staffing landscape. GI locum assignments offer distinct professional and financial benefits to gastroenterologists at various phases in their careers. My perspective is unique, transitioning from professor of medicine and chief of gastroenterology at an academic medical center to a self-employed locum gastroenterologist.

As chief, I hired locums to offer additional coverage to the faculty staffing as our division, inclusive of GI fellowship and endoscopy volume, expanded. I recruited, supervised, and assigned responsibilities to the locums. Not only were these physicians professional and competent, but they also contributed to my division’s forward evolution. Based on this experience, I was confident that I could successfully perform as a locum gastroenterologist myself.

My work as a locum these past 5 years has been a positive professional transition for me. I have enjoyed meeting and working with new colleagues, including international locums who travel to work in the United States. I have also witnessed how early-career and mid-career gastroenterologists have taken advantage of this flexible and well-remunerated work.
 

What It Entails to Be a Locum Tenens

I suspect you have been on the receiving end of emails and postcards from locum tenens companies recruiting for potential assignments and have wondered about the specifics. Essentially, a locum physician functions as an independent contractor who accepts a temporary position at a healthcare organization to provide clinical staffing support during periods of staffing disruption.

Assignments vary in geographic location, facility work site (outpatient vs inpatient), hours, required skills, cadence of assignment, and expected length of staffing need. The locum physician has complete control over selecting the assignment location, the intensity of responsibilities, and the time they wish to commit to the position. Temporal flexibility offers locums the opportunity to commit from a few weeks per year to a full-time commitment. Locums can also combine multiple assignments in different regions or states to match the targeted number of weeks they wish to commit to and the financial goal they have set.

I have met physicians working a few weeks a year during time off from their permanent jobs to supplement their incomes, as well as fully employed physicians leveraging locum placements to explore locations or practices that they have an interest in. Gastroenterologists facing planned or unplanned life events may find the role enticing as locum opportunities offer an elevated level of flexibility and autonomy.
 

The Role of the Locum Tenens Company

Locum tenens companies have arrangements with healthcare facilities to provide temporary staffing. They aim to recruit prospective physicians, establish a collaborative relationship, and align these physicians with a locum assignment that benefits all parties.

Once the physician has completed the company’s credentialing packet, the company facilitates credentialing for new state medical licensures and the specific healthcare facility. The company conducts all negotiations, communications, and financial arrangements between the locum physician and the facility. Locum physicians do not communicate directly with the facility, at least not initially. The company also provides medical malpractice coverage through an established insurance broker. The company arranges travel (flights, car rentals, and hotels) for the assignment, and the healthcare facility reimburses the company.

Lastly, the company arranges a phone interview between the locum physician and the facility’s gastroenterologist or medical director for a more detailed description of expected responsibilities and level of staffing for endoscopy before the locum physician decides whether the job is a “good fit” for their skills and objectives. It is critical at this point that the locum physician does their due diligence, asking thoughtful questions to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the role before committing.
 

What Does It Mean to Be an Independent Contractor

An independent contractor is contracted to perform work but is not an employee of an organization (ie, self-employed). This is an important distinction when it comes to the IRS, tax obligations, and allowable deductions.

Initially, this may seem confusing, but some websites review the specifics of these significant taxation differences. Because you are an independent contractor, your paycheck depicts your compensation without any deductions taken. At year’s end, you receive form 1099 rather than the more familiar W-2. The most critical difference is that as a W-2 employed person, you and the employer each contribute half of the obligated Social Security and Medicare taxes owed, but as an independent contractor you are required to pay the entire obligated Social Security and Medicare taxes.

Also important to consider is that although the locum tenens company facilitates necessary documentation, travel, and work schedules, you will be responsible for tracking your work-related finances, and maintaining your CME. This is not difficult but requires attention throughout the year and is manageable with a bit of organizing. A simple example is that meals are deductible on your taxes and can be easily tallied by the government’s per diem rate found at www.gsa.gov — so it is not necessary to save receipts. While it is important to become familiar with these financial nuances as they will affect your net income, they are not as intimidating or complex as you may initially believe.
 

Primary Benefits of Locum Tenens Assignments

In my experience, the benefits of working as a locum gastroenterologist include the opportunity to remain engaged in a gratifying career while having enhanced autonomy and flexibility. You can construct a schedule in a location most pleasing to you that fits your financial needs. You may work just a few weeks per year to full-time. You can uniquely plan for your desired personal time and alternative professional ambitions. If you choose to transition back to traditional full-time employment, the pivot remains feasible because you have demonstrated attractive professional attributes such as adaptability in different settings, maintenance of necessary skill sets, and collaboration with medical staffing of various complexities.

Quick Points to Consider

• Review the tax obligations and deductions before signing on to your first assignment.

• Healthcare benefits are not provided. If you must purchase healthcare, your healthcare premiums are 100% deductible.

• Malpractice insurance is provided through the locum tenens company.

• The points on flights, hotels, and car rentals remain in your accounts and can be used by you for personal travel in the future.

• You may be able to negotiate hourly rates and terms of responsibilities in certain instances. There’s no harm in requesting.

• Before accepting an assignment, review the website and location of the facility, accessibility to airports, frequency of flights, the physician directory, and services available.

• If your plans change and you are unable to complete a scheduled assignment previously confirmed, you must notify the locum tenens company within a specified window from the start date (usually 30 days) to avoid penalty.

Institutions utilizing locum physicians generally are doing so because their staffing is not optimal; for example, there may have been a transition in leadership or the facility may be located in a rural area. Self-awareness is key; recognize that you are essentially a guest who may need to adapt to the prevailing culture and make do with the resources at hand. You are not there to step in, innovate, or institute changes. Most often the office staff, nurses, and other physicians are very grateful that you are present and a part of the team.

Dr. Bartholomew is a gastroenterologist based in Sarasota, Florida. She has no conflicts to declare in relation to this article.